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Shyam Mishra

Shyam Mishra

Postgraduate Research Student
School of Optometry and Vision Science

Name: Shyam Kumar Mishra (Baishnab)

Research Title: Development of Biologically Responsive Biomaterials Against Bacterial Colonisation

Supervisors: Prof. Mark Willcox, Dr. Edgar Hoe Hon Wong, Dr. Alex Hui

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Research

Globally, there has been rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance, contributing to 700,000 patient deaths every year. This situation is expected to worsen in the future with 10 million deaths per year at a cumulative global cost of $100 trillion estimated by 2050. In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) published a list of antibiotic-resistant 鈥減riority pathogens鈥 for research and development of new antibiotics including the 鈥淓SKAPE鈥 pathogens: carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacteriaceae and others. These microbes are often associated with device-associated infections (DAIs) and are non-responsive to traditional antibiotics.

In medical science, biomaterials are used extensively to augment or restore function, and replace tissue. Antimicrobial coatings of device surfaces are required to prevent bacterial colonisation and DAIs. To address this, one of the strategies is the use of cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as coatings for biomaterials. However, AMPs are susceptible to proteases found in blood or other body fluids. Therefore, development of mimetics of AMPs resistant to proteases as novel anti-infective agents with increased bioavailability is a promising tool in the scientific arena.

Peptoids are non-natural mimics of polypeptides containing poly-N-substituted glycine residues. My research focuses on immobilisation of peptoids on surfaces, and characterizing their mode of action in preventing microbial colonisation on biomaterials. This research will also explore synergy between these peptoids and available antibiotics to combat extensively drug resistant bacteria.

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Biography

Shyam completed his MS in Medical Laboratory Sciences Microbiology from the Institute of Medicine, Nepal in 2009. For the next ten years he held a lecturing position at the Institute and during this time had the opportunity to work as a foreign guest researcher in the stem cell biology laboratory of Ehime University in Japan. In 2019, Shyam received the UNSW Scientia PhD scholarship and started his interdisciplinary postgraduate journey under the supervision of Professor Mark Willcox, Dr. Edgar Hoe Hon Wong and Dr. Alex Hui. Shyam鈥檚 PhD project focuses on different aspects of peptoids, particularly their antimicrobial activity against selected microbes.

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Education

Year

Degree

Institution

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Current

PhD Candidate

University of New South Wales, Australia

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2009

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MSc MLT Microbiology

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Institute of Medicine (IOM),

Tribhuvan University (TU), Nepal

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2004

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Bachelor in Medical Laboratory Technology (BMLT)

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IOM, TU,

Nepal

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Awards

2019 - Scientia Scholarship for PhD 鈥 UNSW (Australia)

2018 - Society of Healthcare Epidemiology of America - International Ambassadors Award (USA)

2016 - ASMCUE Leadership grant for international educators for outstanding contribution in Undergraduate Microbiology teaching (USA)

2011 鈥 Nepal Bidya Bhusan Padak 鈥淜HA鈥 award from the President of Nepal for standing first place in Postgraduate education

2009 - Second Best Paper Presentation in Research Conference on Health Science, IOM

2008 鈥 Nepal Bidya Bhusan Padak 鈥淕A鈥 award from the President of Nepal for standing first place in Undergraduate education

1994 鈥 Third place in the ninth National Essay Competition (Nepal Red Cross Society)

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Conference attendance

2019 鈥 European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) - Amsterdam, Netherlands

2018 鈥 Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of American (SHEA) Spring Conference 鈥 Oregon, USA

2018 鈥 American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Microbe 2018, in Atlanta, USA

2018 鈥 Workshop on Advanced bioanalytical methods and applications organized by the Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, India

2016 - American Society for Microbiology Conference for Undergraduate Educators (ASMCUE) - Maryland, USA

2016- 17th International Congress on Infectious Diseases (ICID) - Hyderabad, India

2015 - 10th International Symposium on Antimicrobial agents and resistance (ISAAR) - Incheon, Korea

2014 - 32nd World Congress of Internal Medicine (WCIM) - Seoul, Korea

2012 - 15th International Congress on Infectious Diseases (ICID) in Bangkok, Thailand

2012- 6th Ditan International Conference of Infectious Diseases in Beijing, China.

2008 鈥 5th National Conference on Science and Technology, Kathmandu, Nepal

2004 鈥 1st SAARC Conference on TB, HIV/AIDS and Respiratory Diseases 鈥 Kathmandu, Nepal

2004 - 1st International Conference of Medical Laboratory Sciences - Kathmandu, Nepal

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Affiliations and memberships

Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery (International Advisory Board)

American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP)

British Infection Association (BIA)

International Society of Infectious Diseases (ISID)

Nepal Health Professional Council (NHPC)

Nepal Association for Medical Laboratory Sciences (NAMLS)

Nepal Medical Laboratory Students' Society (President, 2006-2007)
Email

s.mishrabaishnab@unsw.edu.au

Publications

    1. Yadav SK,听Bhujel听R, Hamal P,听Mishra SK, Sharma S, Sherchand JB. Burden of Multidrug-Resistant听Acinetobacter baumannii听Infection in Hospitalized Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal.听Infection and Drug Resistance听2020;13:725-732
    2. Mandal DK, Sah SK,听Mishra SK, Sharma S, Kattel HP, Pandit S, Yadav PK, Laghu U, Lama R, Sah NP, Sherchand JB, Parajuli K, Bastola A, Pun SB, Rijal BP, Pokharel BM. Carriage of Extended-spectrum-b-lactamase- and AmpC-b-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) in healthy community and outpatient department (OPD) patients in Nepal.听Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology听2020听
    3. Ansari S, Jha RK,听Mishra SK, Tiwari BR, Asaad AM. Recent advances in听Staphylococcus aureus听infection: focus on vaccine development.听Infection and Drug Resistance听2019; 12:1243-55.听
    4. Sartelli M, Klugar Y, Ansaloni L, Carlet J, 鈥︹..听Mishra SK,听鈥︹︹atena F. A global declaration on appropriate use of antimicrobial agents across the surgical pathway.听Surgical Infections听2017;18(8):846-53.听
    5. Sartelli M, Labricciosa FM, Barbadora P, Pagani L,鈥..听Mishra SK,听鈥︹.Catena F. The Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery: defining a model for antimicrobial stewardship鈥攔esults from an international cross-sectional survey.听World Journal of Emergency Surgery听2017;12(34):1-11.听DOI: 10.1186/s13017-017-0145-2.听
    6. Sah R, Khadka S, Shah DS, Adhikari M, Shrestha N, Kattel HP, Sharma S,听Mishra SK, Parajuli K, Sherchand JB, Shah NP, Pokharel BM, Rijal B. Vancomycin resistant听Enterococcus faecalis听causing diarrhea in renal transplant patient.听International Educational Applied Scientific Journal听2017;2:9听
    7. Khadka S, Sherchand JB, Pokhrel BM, Parajuli K,听Mishra SK, Sharma S, Shah N, Kattel HP, Dhital S, Khatiwada S, Parajuli N, Pradhan M, Rijal BP. Isolation, speciation and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida isolates from various clinical specimens at a tertiary care hospital, Nepal.听BMC Research Notes听2017;10:218.听DOI 10.1186/s13104-017-2547-3.听
    8. Parajuli NP, Acharya SP,听Mishra SK, Parajuli K, Rijal BP, Pokhrel BM. High burden of antimicrobial resistance among gram negative bacteria causing healthcare associated infections in a critical care unit of Nepal.听Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control听2017; 6:67. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-017-0222-z听
    9. Dhital S, Sherchand JB, Pokharel BM, Parajuli K,听Mishra SK, Sharma S, Kattel HP, Khadka HP, Khadka S, Khatiwada S, Rijal B. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of听Shigella听spp. isolated from children under 5 years of age attending tertiary care hospitals, Nepal along with first finding of ESBL-production.听BMC Research Notes听2017;10:192. DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2512-1听
    10. Parajuli NP, Acharya SP, Dahal S, Singh JP,听Mishra SK, Kattel HP, Rijal BP, Pokhrel BM. Epidemiology of device-associated infections in an intensive care unit of a teaching hospital in Nepal: A prospective surveillance study from a developing country.听American Journal of Infection Control听2017. DOI:听听
    11. Dhital S, Sherchand JB, Pokhrel BM, Parajuli K, Shah N,听Mishra SK, Sharma S, Kattel HP, Khadka S,听Khatiwada听S, Parajuli N, Rijal B.听Molecular epidemiology of Rotavirus causing diarrhea among children less than five years of age visiting national level children hospitals, Nepal.听BMC Pediatrics听2017.doi:10.1186/s12887-017-0858-0.听
    12. Khadka S, Sherchand JB, Pokharel DB, Pokhrel BM,听Mishra SK, Dhital S, Rijal BP. Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal.听Dermatology Research and Practice听2016. doi:10.1155/2016/9509705 ()
    13. Moriguchi T, Kaneumi S, Takeda S, Enomoto K,听Mishra SK, Miki T, Koshimizu U, Kitamura H, Kondo T. Ecrg4 contributes to the antiglioma immunosurveillance through type I interferon signaling.听Oncoimmunology听2016.听
    14. Khadka S, Regmi P, Giri S, Shah PK,听Mishra SK. Identification of听Candida听species using CHROM agar.听International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences听2016;1(3):10-3. (
    15. Pokhrel RH, Aung MS, Thapa B, Chaudhary R,听Mishra SK, Kawaguchiya M, Urushibara N, Kobayashi N. Detection of ST772 Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive methicillin-resistant听Staphylococcus aureus听(Bengal Bay clone) and ST22 S. aureus isolates with a genetic variant of elastin binding protein in Nepal.听New Microbes and New Infections听2016:11:20-7.听
    16. Tada T, Miyoshi-Akiyama T, Shimada K, Dahal RK.,听Mishra SK, Ohara H, Kirikae T, Pokhrel BM. A Novel 6鈥-N-Aminoglycoside Acetyltransferase, AAC(6鈥)-Ial, from a Clinical Isolate of听Serratia marcescens.听Microbial Drug Resistance听2016 Mar;22(2):103-8. doi: 10.1089/mdr.2015.0126. Epub 2015 Aug 13.听
    17. Mishra SK, Shrestha R, Rijal BP, Pokhrel BM. The bad, the ugly and the demon: A tale of extensively drug-resistant, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- and metallo-beta-lactamase-producing superbugs associated with nosocomial pneumonia.听Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease听2015:5(1):71-6.听
    18. Mishra SK, Basukala P, Basukala O, Parajuli K, Pokhrel BM, Rijal BP.听听Current Microbiology听2015;70:128-34.听
    19. Shrestha B, Shrestha S,听Mishra SK, Kattel HP, Tada T, Ohara H, Kirikae T, Rijal BP, Sherchand JB, Pokhrel BM. Phenotypic characterization of multidrug-resistant听Escherichia coli听with special reference to extended-spectrum-beta-lactamases and metallo-beta-lactamases in a tertiary care center.听Journal of Nepal Medical Association听2015 Apr-Jun;53(198):89-95.听
    20. Mishra SK, Kattel H, Pokhrel BM, Rijal BP. High prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing respiratory bacterial pathogens in a Nepalese University Hospital: A vexatious problem.听Annals of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine听2015:1(2):8-14.听
    21. Sah MK,听Mishra SK, Ohora H, Kirikae T, Sherchan JB, Rijal BP, Pokhrel BM. Nosocomial bacterial infection and antimicrobial resistant pattern in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.听Journal of Institute of Medicine听2014:35(3):38-48.听
    22. Prajapati J, Regmi BM, Shrestha TM, Bharti L, Basyal D,听Mishra SK, Gyawali R. Analgesic and Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extract of听Smilax lanceifolia.听International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Archives听2014;5(3):79-83.听
    23. Tada T, Miyoshi-Akiyama T, Dahal RK,听Mishra SK, Shimada K, Ohara H, Kirikae T, Pokhrel BM. Identification of a Novel 6鈥-N-Aminoglycoside Acetyltransferase, AAC(6鈥)-Iak, from a Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolate of听Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.听Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy听2014 Aug 4. pii: AAC.03354-14.听
    24. Mishra SK, Awal BK, Kattel HP, Acharya J, Gyawali P, Bhatt CP, Shah NP, Parajuli K, Rijal BP, Pokhrel BM. Drug Resistant Bacteria are Growing Menace in a University Hospital in Nepal.听American Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease听2014;2(1):19-23.听
    25. Ohara H, Pokhrel BM, Dahal RK,听Mishra SK, Kattel HP, Shrestha DL, Haneishi y, Sherchand JB. Fact-finding survey of nosocomial infection control in hospitals in Kathmandu, Nepal鈥擜 basis for improvement.听Tropical Medicine and Health听2013; doi: 10.2149/tmh.2013-03.听
    26. ,听,听,听,听,听,听,听. Dissemination of multidrug-resistant听Klebsiella pneumoniae听clinical isolates with various combinations of carbapenemases (NDM-1 and OXA-72) and 16S rRNA methylases (ArmA, RmtC and RmtF) in Nepal.听International Journal of Antimicrobial agents听2013: doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.06.014.听
    27. Mishra SK, Rijal BP, Pokhrel BM. Emerging threat of multidrug resistant bugs 鈥撎Acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumannii听complex and Methicillin resistant听Staphylococcus aureus.听BMC Research Notes听2013: 6:98.听(Highly accessed article)听
    28. Ansari S, Sherchand JB, Rijal BP, Parajuli K,听Mishra SK, Dahal RK, Shrestha S, Tandukar S, Chaudhary R, Kattel HP, Basnet A, Pokhrel BM. Characterisation of rotavirus causing acute diarrhea in children in Kathmandu, Nepal, showing the dominance of serotype G12.听Journal of Medical Microbiology听2012;听62:114-20.听
    29. Ansari S, Sherchand JB, Parajuli KP, Paudyal BM, Adhikari RP, Shrestha S,听Mishra SK, Dahal RK, Tandukar S, Khadka R, Shrestha R, Baral SK, Pokhrel BM. Pattern of Acute Parasitic Diarrhea in Children Under Five Years of Age in Kathmandu, Nepal.听Open Journal of Medical Microbiology听2012;2(3),doi:10.4236/ojmm.2012.23014.听
    30. Mishra SK, Kattel HP, Acharya J, Shah NP, Shah AS, Sherchand JB, Rijal BP, Pokhrel BM. Recent trend of bacterial etiology of lower respiratory tract infections in a tertiary care centre of Nepal.听International Journal of Infection and Microbiology听2012:1(1);3-8. doi:听
    31. Subedi A, Amatya MP, Shrestha TM,听Mishra SK, Pokhrel BM. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of听Machilus odoratissima.听Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology听2012;8(1):73-80.听
    32. Mishra SK, Acharya J, Kattel HP, Koirala J, Rijal BP, Pokhrel BM. Metallo-beta-lactamase producing gram-negative bacterial isolates.听Journal of Nepal Health Research Council听2012 Sep;10(22):208-13.听
    33. Ansari S, Sherchand JB, Parajuli K,听Mishra SK, Dahal RK, Shrestha S, Tandukar S, Pokhrel BM.听听Journal of Nepal Health Research Council听2012 Sep;10(22):218-23.听
    34. Marhatta SB, Gautam S, Dhital S, Pote N, Jha AK, Mahato R,听Mishra S, Poudel BH, Ramasoota P, Kaewkungwal J, Singhasivanon P. katG (SER 315 THR) gene mutation in isoniazid resistant听Mycobacterium tuberculosis.听Kathmandu University Medical Journal听2011;33(1):19-23.听
    35. Pokhrel BM, Karmacharya R,听Mishra SK, Koirala J.听.
    36. Pokharel BM, Koirala J, Dahal R,听Mishra SK, Khadga PK, Tuladhar NR. Multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing听Salmonella enterica听(serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi A) from blood isolates in Nepal: Surveillance of resistance and a search for newer alternatives.听International Journal of Infectious Diseases听2006;10:434-8.听
    37. Lakhey M, Bhatta CP,听Mishra S. Diagnosis of Tubercular Lymphadenopathy by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology, Acid-Fast Staining and Mantoux Test.听Journal of Nepal Medical Association听2009;48:230-3.听
    38. Mishra SK, Shah JP, Shrestha R, Lakhey M. Emergence of nalidixic acid resistant听Salmonella: A confounding scene in antibiotic armamentarium.听Journal of Nepal Association for Medical Sciences听2008;9(1);64-6.
    39. Pokhrel BM, Koirala J,听Mishra SK,听Dahal R, Khadga PK, Tuladhar NR. Multidrug resistance and extended spectrum beta lactamase producing strains causing lower respiratory tract and urinary tract infection.听Journal of Institute of Medicine听2006;28(3):19-27.
    40. Tamang听MD, Sharma N, Makaju RK, Sharma AN, Koju R, Nepali N,听Mishra SK.听An outbreak of El Tor Cholera in Kavre district, Nepal.听Kathmandu University Medical Journal听2005;3(2):138-42.听

  • Reports and Book Chapters

    • Practical Medical Parasitology (Vidyarthi Pustak Bhandar, Nepal) (2014)