Research reveals the global scale of child sexual abuse and exploitation for the first time.
This report contains material that references child abuse. Readers may find the content confronting or disturbing. To speak to a Lifeline Crisis Supporter, phone 13 11 14.聽
More than 300 million children a year are victims of online sexual abuse and exploitation, according to an estimate of the global scale of the crisis.
Around one in eight children worldwide (approximately 302 million children) have been victims of non-consensual taking, sharing and exposure to sexual images and videos in the past year. Furthermore, one in eight children globally聽is estimated聽to have been subject in the past year to online solicitation, such as unwanted sexual talk, which can include non-consensual sexting, unwanted sexual questions and unwanted sexual act requests by adults or other youths.
Offences can also take the form of 鈥渟extortion鈥, where predators demand money from victims to keep images private to abuse AI deepfake technology.
The findings are published in a today by the Childlight Global Child Safety Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, in partnership with UNSW Sydney, as part of the first global index of child sexual exploitation and abuse prevalence across three indicators: victimisation, perpetration, and availability of child sexual abuse material online. The report draws upon data from over 36 million reports to the leading policing organisations, surveys, and analysis of 125 studies, including the work of criminologist Professor Michael Salter from the School of Social Sciences at UNSW Arts, Design & Architecture.
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Professor Salter, who is the inaugural director of the new Childlight East Asia and Pacific hub at UNSW, said the global index aims to provide a universal measure of child sexual abuse and exploitation.聽
鈥淲e鈥檝e previously never had a globally agreed baseline for the measure of child sexual abuse and exploitation to understand the scale of the problem, track efforts to reduce it, and hold governments to account,鈥 said Prof. Salter. 鈥淏y shining a light on the extent as well as the nature of child sexual exploitation and abuse,聽it is our hope聽that this research can be a catalyst for change to keep children safe.鈥
The global scale of child sexual abuse
Children are also being exploited and sexually abused across the world every second of every day. The report found files containing sexual images of children are reported once every second to the five聽main聽watchdog and policing organisations in the world.聽
鈥淭he world needs to know these atrocities are affecting children in every classroom, in every school, in every country,鈥 said Professor Deborah Fry, an聽expert in international child protection at the University of Edinburgh and lead of the Childlight project. 鈥淭hese aren鈥檛 harmless images: they are deeply damaging, and the abuse continues with every view and the failure of taking down this abusive content.鈥
While problems exist in all parts of the world, the report found the United States was a particularly high-risk area, with high levels of child sexual abuse material hosted there. It also found about a quarter of U.S. children (23 per cent) reported being victims in the past year of non-consensual taking, sharing and unwanted exposure to sexual images and videos.聽
One in nine men in the United States (equating to almost 14 million men) admitted online sexual offending against children at some point in their lives. A recent study led by Prof. Salter also estimated nearly one in ten Australian men have committed a sexual offence against a child.
鈥淭he higher rates of child sex offending in the United States聽are driven聽by policy decisions, including a lack of investment in public health and child welfare and a reluctance to regulate online environments,鈥 Prof. Salter said. 鈥淲e鈥檙e talking about children who have聽been sexually abused聽because they are using technology, services and products that are promoted to them by commercial entities who facilitate this, and we need to focus our attention on the role they play in ensuring child safety online.鈥
It is our hope that this research can be a catalyst for change to keep children safe.
A public health crisis
2021 Australian of the Year, Grace Tame, a survivor of childhood sexual abuse, said the figures in the report showed that child sexual abuse is a 鈥済lobal public health crisis that is steadily worsening.鈥
Prof. Michael Salter said the problem has worsened since Covid 19 and should聽be treated聽as an epidemic.聽
鈥淐hild sexual abuse is a public health issue with long-term impacts on the mental and physical health of victims and survivors,鈥 Prof. Salter said. 鈥淭here are significant safety implications for children who are abused online, particularly images and videos have聽been recorded聽have been distributed and framing it as an epidemic captures the sheer scale of its prevalence and devastating lifelong impacts.鈥
鈥淲hilst we are calling for this to聽be dealt聽with as a public health issue, we recognise this will take time 鈥 time that children don鈥檛 have,鈥 said Childlight CEO Paul Stanfield. 鈥淧olice cannot deal with the scale of the problem, and more needs to聽be done聽to prevent it happening in the first place.聽
鈥淐hildren鈥檚 safety needs to be put before the privacy of offenders and corporate profit.鈥
Stop It Now! Australia works with adults concerned about their own or someone else鈥檚 sexual thoughts or behaviours towards children. Call the anonymous helpline on 1800-01-1800 or access resources at聽
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