Dr Daniel Fernandez Ruiz
2008 - PhD, Immunology, University of Bonn, Germany.
2003 - BSc, Biochemistry, University of Oviedo, Spain.
2001 - BSc, Biology, University of Oviedo, Spain.
I am a cellular immunologist specialised in vaccine development at the School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW, and the UNSW RNA Institute. I completed my undergraduate studies at the University of Oviedo, Spain, and obtained my PhD at the University of Bonn, Germany. Following an extended post-doctoral stint at the Doherty Institute in Melbourne, I relocated to UNSW in 2023 to establish my own laboratory. My research studies fundamental T cell biology and T cell immunity to infectious diseases, applying this knowledge to develop experimental T cell-based vaccines in preclinical models of infection and translating these findings into human vaccines.
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Throughout my scientific career, I have made different contributions to theÌýresearch fields of T cell biology, malaria immunology and vaccine development:
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CD8+ T cell biology and tissue-resident T cell memory: My demonstrated that a subpopulation of CD8+ÌýT cells in the mouse liver are true resident memory cells, described the transcriptional and surface marker profile of these cells and performed their functional characterisation. This research defined liver TRM cells as a unique subpopulation of memory cells with marked peculiarities, such as their exposure to the blood. This was followed by theÌýÌý(and also the cognate antigen of PbT-I cells). RPL6 was only the second Plasmodium-derived protective CD8 T cell epitope ever identified in the C57BL/6 background, enabled direct studies of endogenous liver TRM cells specific for Plasmodium, and was essential for subsequent development of TRM-based vaccines against malaria.ÌýMy research also explored the , and alsoÌýthe capacity of various adjuvants to .Ìý
Development of TRM cell-based malaria vaccines:ÌýThese advances in understanding TRM biology enabled the generation of the first TRM-based subunit experimental vaccine against malaria, termed . This vaccineÌýprovided unprecedented protection (for a subunit vaccine) against PlasmodiumÌýliver infection in mice, proving that TRM immunity could be efficiently harnessed for exceptional malaria protection, and delineated the requirements to induce this type of immunity. Subsequent work developed a more simple,ÌýÌýand a against malaria, both based on similar principles as Prime and Trap.
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Development of key scientific resources for the research of malaria immunology: The study of malaria immunology offers unique insights into fundamental mechanisms regulating T cell biology, such as T cell activation, expansion and persistence, T cell exhaustion and tissue immunity. A major challenge in this field has been the lack of adequate tools for accurately tracking T cell responses in mice. I contributed to the development of the first Plasmodium-specific, MHC I-restricted and MHC II-restricted T cell receptor transgenic mouse lines (termed and respectively), which have enabled important contributions to basic immunology and malaria immunity. More recently, a cross-disciplinary approach involving mass spectrometry analyses identified the cognate Plasmodium antigens recognised by Ìýand cells, further enhancing the usefulness of these immunological tools.
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CD4+ T cell biology:Ìý, my work revealedÌýthe importance of type I dendritic cells in priming CD4+ T cell responses against malaria and promoting specific, polarised CD4+ T cell subsets. This work also demonstrated the importance of CD4+ T cells in licensing dendritic cells to generate CD8+ T cell responses, even in the presence of systemic inflammationÌý(i.e. blood stage malaria). These findings have important implications for understanding of CD8+ T cell immunity and, potentially, for future immunisation strategies targeting antigen presenting cells.
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Development of a COVID vaccine: I have had the opportunity to collaborate in the Ìýby the Torresi lab, Doherty Institute, assessing its capacity to generate CD4 and CD8 T cell responses.
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- Publications
- Media
- Grants
- Awards
- Research Activities
- Engagement
- Teaching and Supervision
NHMRC Project grant, GP1139486, 2018-21, $1,196,853. Role: CIA.
ARC Discovery Grant, DP220103545, 2022-2025, $770,000. Role: CIB.
CASS Science & Medicine grant, 2020, $58,000. Role: sole CI.
School of Biomedical Sciences EMCRA Collaborative Award, University of Melbourne, 2022, $20,000. Role: co-CI.
Research Grant Support Scheme, University of Melbourne, 2023, $37,474. Role: sole CI.