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Associate Professor Kate Poole

Associate Professor Kate Poole

Associate Professor
Medicine & Health
School of Biomedical Sciences

Dr Kate Poole is interested in how cells can "feel" their surroundings. Her research seeks to identify how cells sense and respond to changing mechanical inputs by identifying the molecules that can convert forces into electrical or biochemical signals that influence cell behaviour. Her research team is focused on two streams of research 1) characterising force sensing in cancer cells and 2) investigating what happens to our cells in microgravity (when the influence of Earth's gravity is ablated).

Force sensing in cancer cells

When solid tumours develop, there are many changes in the mechanical properties of both the cells and their surroundings. These mechanical changes can lead to a local stiffening of tissue around a tumour (as seen in the development of breast tumours, detected by feeling for lumps of stiffened tissue). This tissue stiffening can also promote progression of the disease. Our question is: what are the molecular force sensors in cancer cells that can sense and respond to these changes in mechanics? Our research has identified new force sensing molecules that influence cell migration and that may influence the initial steps of the metastatic cascade, where cancer cells break from a tumour mass and invade the surrounding tissue. We are currently working to understand precisely how these force sensors are activated and to identify the specific role of this mechanical signalling in the dissociation of cells from a tumour mass.

The impact of microgravity on cellular function

All life on Earth has evolved under the persistent pull of Earth's gravitational field. While life can be sustained in reduced gravity environments (such as the microgravity experienced on the International Space Station) there are significant disruptions in human physiology that have negative impacts on health and performance. These impacts on human health have been relatively well defined by studying the impact of extended stays in microgravity on astronauts but we do not yet know the mechanisms by which these changes occur. Kate's team are investigating how disruptions in force sensing and cellular structures can lead to changes in cellular function when cells are exposed to simulated microgravity. The overall goal of this work is to characterise how human health and performance is negatively impacted, at the molecular and cellular level, by reduced gravity environments, with the goal to identify ways to counter these negative effects, thus increasing human access to space.

Phone
+61-2-9065 2520
  • Book Chapters | 2024
    Richardson J; Schroeter L; Poole K, 2024, 'Mechanically-Evoked TRPV4-Mediated Currents Are Modulated by Activated Integrin 尾1', in Springer Series in Biophysics, Springer International Publishing, pp. 1 - 20,
    Book Chapters | 2023
    Shrestha S; Richardson J; Poole K, 2023, 'Analysing Mechanically Evoked Currents at Cell-Substrate Junctions', in Methods in Molecular Biology, pp. 155 - 167,
    Book Chapters | 2011
    Poole K; Moroni M; Lewin GR, 2011, 'The Molecular and Genetic Basis of Touch', in The Handbook of Touch Neuroscience, Behavioral, and Health Perspectives, Springer Publishing Company
    Book Chapters | 2007
    Ludwig T; Kirmse R; Poole K, 2007, 'Challenges and Approaches - Probing Tumor Cell Invasion by Atomic Force Microscopy.', in Mendez-Vilas A; Diaz J (ed.), Modern research and educational topics in microscopy no. III. vol I, Formatex, Spain, pp. 11 - 11
  • Journal articles | 2024
    Chakrabarti S; Klich JD; Khallaf MA; Hulme AJ; S谩nchez-Carranza O; Baran ZM; Rossi A; Huang ATL; Pohl T; Fleischer R; F眉rst C; Hammes A; B茅gay V; H枚rnberg H; Finol-Urdaneta RK; Poole K; Dottori M; Lewin GR, 2024, 'Touch sensation requires the mechanically gated ion channel ELKIN1', Science, 383, pp. 992 - 998,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Cox CD; Poole K; Martinac B, 2024, 'Re-evaluating TRP channel mechanosensitivity', Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 49, pp. 693 - 702,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Meier M; Gupta M; Akg眉l S; McDougall M; Imhof T; Nikodemus D; Reuten R; Moya-Torres A; To V; Ferens F; Heide F; Padilla-Meier GP; Kukura P; Huang W; Gerisch B; M枚rgelin M; Poole K; Antebi A; Koch M; Stetefeld J, 2023, 'The dynamic nature of netrin-1 and the structural basis for glycosaminoglycan fragment-induced filament formation', Nature Communications, 14,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Wazir HU; Narang P; Silvani G; Mehner C; Poole K; Burke C; Chou J, 2023, 'Bacterial Virulence and Prevention for Human Spaceflight', Life, 13,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Govendir MA; Kempe D; Sianati S; Cremasco J; Mazalo JK; Colakoglu F; Golo M; Poole K; Biro M, 2022, 'T cell cytoskeletal forces shape synapse topography for targeted lysis via membrane curvature bias of perforin', Developmental Cell, 57, pp. 2237 - 2247.e8,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Poole K, 2022, 'The Diverse Physiological Functions of Mechanically Activated Ion Channels in Mammals', Annual Review of Physiology, 84, pp. 307 - 329,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Richardson J; Kotevski A; Poole K, 2022, 'From stretch to deflection: the importance of context in the activation of mammalian, mechanically activated ion channels', FEBS Journal, 289, pp. 4447 - 4469,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Silvani G; Bradbury P; Basirun C; Mehner C; Zalli D; Poole K; Chou J, 2022, 'Testing 3D printed biological platform for advancing simulated microgravity and space mechanobiology research', npj Microgravity, 8, pp. 19,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Basirun C; Ferlazzo ML; Howell NR; Liu GJ; Middleton RJ; Martinac B; Narayanan SA; Poole K; Gentile C; Chou J, 2021, 'Microgravity 脳 Radiation: A Space Mechanobiology Approach Toward Cardiovascular Function and Disease', Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 9,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Molley TG; Jalandhra GK; Nemec SR; Tiffany AS; Patkunarajah A; Poole K; Harley BAC; Hung TT; Kilian KA, 2021, 'Heterotypic tumor models through freeform printing into photostabilized granular microgels', Biomaterials Science, 9, pp. 4496 - 4509,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Patkunarajah A; Schroeter L; Sanderson G; Biro M; Poole K, 2021, 'Disrupting ELKIN1-Dependent Mechanoelectrical TransductionModulates Cell-Cell Interactions in Organotypic Tumour Spheroids', BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 120, pp. 65A - 66A,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Sianati S; Schroeter L; Richardson J; Tay A; Lamand茅 SR; Poole K, 2021, 'Modulating the Mechanical Activation of TRPV4 at the Cell-Substrate Interface', Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 8, pp. 608951,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Silvani G; Basirun C; Wu H; Mehner C; Poole K; Bradbury P; Chou J, 2021, 'A 3D-Bioprinted Vascularized Glioblastoma-on-a-Chip for Studying the Impact of Simulated Microgravity as a Novel Pre-Clinical Approach in Brain Tumor Therapy', Advanced Therapeutics, 4,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Silvani G; Basirun C; Wu H; Mehner C; Poole K; Bradbury P; Chou J, 2021, 'A 3D鈥怋ioprinted Vascularized Glioblastoma鈥恛n鈥恆鈥怌hip for Studying the Impact of Simulated Microgravity as a Novel Pre鈥怌linical Approach in Brain Tumor Therapy (Adv. Therap. 11/2021)', Advanced Therapeutics, 4, pp. 2170033 - 2170033,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Beaulieu-Laroche L; Christin M; Donoghue A; Agosti F; Yousefpour N; Petitjean H; Davidova A; Stanton C; Khan U; Dietz C; Faure E; Fatima T; MacPherson A; Mouchbahani-Constance S; Bisson DG; Haglund L; Ouellet JA; Stone LS; Samson J; Smith MJ; Ask K; Ribeiro-da-Silva A; Blunck R; Poole K; Bourinet E; Sharif-Naeini R, 2020, 'TACAN Is an Ion Channel Involved in Sensing Mechanical Pain', Cell, 180, pp. 956 - 967.e17,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Bradbury P; Wu H; Choi JU; Rowan AE; Zhang H; Poole K; Lauko J; Chou J, 2020, 'Modeling the Impact of Microgravity at the Cellular Level: Implications for Human Disease', Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 8, pp. 96,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Patkunarajah A; Stear JH; Moroni M; Schroeter L; Blaszkiewicz J; Tearle JLE; Cox CD; Fuerst C; S谩nchez-Carranza O; Fern谩ndez M; Fleischer R; Eravci M; Weise C; Martinac B; Biro M; Lewin GR; Poole K, 2020, 'TMEM87a/Elkin1, a component of a novel mechanoelectrical transduction pathway, modulates melanoma adhesion and migration.', eLife, 9, pp. e53308,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Putra VDL; Song MJ; McBride-Gagyi S; Chang H; Poole K; Whan R; Dean D; Sansalone V; Knothe Tate ML, 2020, 'Mechanomics Approaches to Understand Cell Behavior in Context of Tissue Neogenesis, During Prenatal Development and Postnatal Healing', Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 7, pp. 354,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Servin-Vences MR; Poole K; Sporbert A; Lewin GR; Margineanu A, 2020, 'Collagen Organization Within the Cartilage of Trpv4鈭/鈭 Mice Studied with Two-Photon Microscopy and Polarized Second Harmonic Generation', Cytometry Part A, 97, pp. 504 - 514,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Bavi N; Richardson J; Heu C; Martinac B; Poole K, 2019, 'PIEZO1-Mediated Currents Are Modulated by Substrate Mechanics', ACS Nano, 13, pp. 13545 - 13559,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Putra VDL; Jalilian I; Campbell M; Poole K; Whan R; Tomasetig F; Knothe Tate ML, 2019, 'Mapping the Mechanome鈥揂 Protocol for Simultaneous Live Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of Cell Mechanoadaptation and Ingression', Bio-protocol, 9,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Sianati S; Kurumlian A; Bailey E; Poole K, 2019, 'Analysis of mechanically activated ion channels at the cell-substrate interface: Combining pillar arrays and whole-cell patch-clamp', Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 7, pp. 47,
    Journal articles | 2018
    Martinac B; Poole K, 2018, 'Mechanically activated ion channels', International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 97, pp. 104 - 107,
    Journal articles | 2018
    Servin-Vences MR; Richardson J; Lewin GR; Poole K, 2018, 'Mechanoelectrical transduction in chondrocytes', Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 45, pp. 481 - 488,
    Journal articles | 2018
    Tay A; Sohrabi A; Poole K; Seidlits S; Di Carlo D, 2018, 'A 3D Magnetic Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel for Magnetomechanical Neuromodulation of Primary Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons', Advanced Materials, 30,
    Journal articles | 2017
    Ma Y; Poole K; Goyette J; Gaus K, 2017, 'Introducing membrane charge and membrane potential to T cell signaling', Frontiers in Immunology, 8, pp. 1513,
    Journal articles | 2017
    Servin-Vences MR; Moroni M; Lewin GR; Poole K, 2017, 'Direct measurement of TRPV4 and PIEZO1 activity reveals multiple mechanotransduction pathways in chondrocytes', eLife, 6, pp. e21074,
    Journal articles | 2017
    Wetzel C; Pifferi S; Picci C; G枚k C; Hoffmann D; Bali KK; Lampe A; Lapatsina L; Fleischer R; Smith ESJ; B茅gay V; Moroni M; Estebanez L; K眉hnemund J; Walcher J; Specker E; Neuenschwander M; Von Kries JP; Haucke V; Kuner R; Poulet JFA; Schmoranzer J; Poole K; Lewin GR, 2017, 'Small-molecule inhibition of STOML3 oligomerization reverses pathological mechanical hypersensitivity', Nature Neuroscience, 20, pp. 209 - 218,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Grandin M; Meier M; Delcros JG; Nikodemus D; Reuten R; Patel TR; Goldschneider D; Orriss G; Krahn N; Boussouar A; Abes R; Dean Y; Neves D; Bernet A; Depil S; Schneiders F; Poole K; Dante R; Koch M; Mehlen P; Stetefeld J, 2016, 'Structural Decoding of the Netrin-1/UNC5 Interaction and its Therapeutical Implications in Cancers', Cancer Cell, 29, pp. 173 - 185,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Poole K; Moroni M; Lewin GR, 2015, 'Sensory mechanotransduction at membrane-matrix interfaces', Pflugers Archiv European Journal of Physiology, 467, pp. 121 - 132,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Poole K; Herget R; Lapatsina L; Ngo HD; Lewin GR, 2014, 'Tuning Piezo ion channels to detect molecular-scale movements relevant for fine touch', Nature Communications, 5,
    Journal articles | 2012
    Brand J; Smith ESJ; Schwefel D; Lapatsina L; Poole K; Omerba拧i膰 D; Kozlenkov A; Behlke J; Lewin GR; Daumke O, 2012, 'A stomatin dimer modulates the activity of acid-sensing ion channels', EMBO Journal, 31, pp. 3635 - 3646,
    Journal articles | 2012
    Lapatsina L; Brand J; Poole K; Daumke O; Lewin GR, 2012, 'Stomatin-domain proteins', European Journal of Cell Biology, 91, pp. 240 - 245,
    Journal articles | 2012
    Lapatsina L; Jira JA; Smith ESJ; Poole K; Kozlenkov A; Bilbao D; Lewin GR; Heppenstall PA, 2012, 'Regulation of ASIC channels by a stomatin/STOML3 complex located in a mobile vesicle pool in sensory neurons', Open Biology, 2,
    Journal articles | 2012
    Long D; Wilkinson KL; Poole K; Taylor DK; Warren T; Astorga AM; Jiranek V, 2012, 'Rapid method for proline determination in grape juice and wine', Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 60, pp. 4259 - 4264,
    Journal articles | 2011
    Chiang LY; Poole K; Oliveira BE; Duarte N; Sierra YAB; Bruckner-Tuderman L; Koch M; Hu J; Lewin GR, 2011, 'Laminin-332 coordinates mechanotransduction and growth cone bifurcation in sensory neurons', Nature Neuroscience, 14, pp. 993 - 1000,
    Journal articles | 2011
    Lechner SG; Markworth S; Poole K; Smith ESJ; Lapatsina L; Frahm S; May M; Pischke S; Suzuki M; Iba帽ez-Tallon I; Luft FC; Jordan J; Lewin GR, 2011, 'The molecular and cellular identity of peripheral osmoreceptors', Neuron, 69, pp. 332 - 344,
    Journal articles | 2009
    Poole K; Walker ME; Warren T; Gardner J; McBryde C; Lopes MDB; Jiranek V, 2009, 'Proline transport and stress tolerance of ammonia-insensitive mutants of the PUT4-encoded proline-specific permease in yeast', Journal of General and Applied Microbiology, 55, pp. 427 - 439,
    Journal articles | 2008
    Balzar M; Poole K, 2008, 'Confocal and Atomic Force Microscopy', Imaging & Microscopy, 10, pp. 56 - 57,
    Journal articles | 2008
    Ludwig T; Kirmse R; Poole K; Schwarz US, 2008, 'Probing cellular microenvironments and tissue remodeling by atomic force microscopy', Pflugers Archiv European Journal of Physiology, 456, pp. 29 - 49,
    Journal articles | 2006
    Poole K, 2006, 'Two Microscopes, One Software', Imaging & Microscopy, 8, pp. 43 - 44,
    Journal articles | 2006
    Puech PH; Poole K; Knebel D; Muller DJ, 2006, 'A new technical approach to quantify cell-cell adhesion forces by AFM', Ultramicroscopy, 106, pp. 637 - 644,
    Journal articles | 2005
    Poole K; Khairy K; Friedrichs J; Franz C; Cisneros DA; Howard J; Mueller D; Baumeister W, 2005, 'Molecular-scale topographic cues induce the orientation and directional movement of fibroblasts on two-dimensional collagen surfaces', Journal of Molecular Biology, 349, pp. 380 - 386,
    Journal articles | 2005
    Poole K; M眉ller D, 2005, 'Flexible, actin-based ridges colocalise with the 尾1 integrin on the surface of melanoma cells', British Journal of Cancer, 92, pp. 1499 - 1505,
    Journal articles | 2005
    Poole K; M眉ller DJ, 2005, 'Connections between surface structure and functional state of cell membrane of cancer cells', BioSpektrum, 11, pp. 465 - 466
    Journal articles | 2004
    Jiang F; Khairy K; Poole K; Howard J; M眉ller DJ, 2004, 'Creating nanoscopic collagen matrices using atomic force microscopy', Microscopy Research and Technique, 64, pp. 435 - 440,
    Journal articles | 2004
    Poole K; Meder D; Simons K; M眉ller D, 2004, 'The effect of raft lipid depletion on microvilli formation in MDCK cells, visualized by atomic force microscopy', FEBS Letters, 565, pp. 53 - 58,
    Journal articles | 2002
    Gardner JM; Poole K; Jiranek V, 2002, 'Practical significance of relative assimilable nitrogen requirements of yeast: A preliminary study of fermentation performance and liberation of H2S', Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 8, pp. 175 - 179,
  • Preprints | 2023
    Chakrabarti S; Klich JD; Khallaf MA; S谩nchez-Carranza O; Baran ZM; Rossi A; Huang AT-L; Pohl T; Fleischer R; F眉rst C; Hammes A; B茅gay V; H枚rnberg H; Poole K; Lewin GR, 2023, Touch sensation requires the mechanically-gated ion channel Elkin1,
    Conference Abstracts | 2020
    Richardson J; Sianati S; Bavi N; Schroeter L; Patkunarajah A; Poole K, 2020, 'From Stretch to Deflection: Fine Tuning Mechanical Activation of ion Channels', in BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL, CELL PRESS, CA, San Diego, Vol. 118, pp. 171A - 171A, presented at 64th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society, CA, San Diego, 15 February 2020 - 19 February 2020,
    Conference Papers | 2018
    Bavi N; Richardson J; Poole K, 2018, 'Cellular Mechanotransduction via Ion Channels at the Cell-Substrate Interface', in BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL, CELL PRESS, CA, San Francisco, pp. 19A - 19A, presented at 62nd Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society, CA, San Francisco, 17 February 2018 - 21 February 2018,
    Conference Presentations | 2016
    Poole K; Wetzel C; Stear JH; Moroni M; Lewin GR, 2016, 'Tuning PIEZO ion channels to detect molecular-scale movements relevant for fine touch', presented at ComBIO, Brisbane, 03 October 2016 - 07 October 2016
    Conference Papers | 2011
    Poole K; Lewin G, 2011, 'Defining the forces required to gate mechanosensitive channels in mammalian sensory neurons', in EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL WITH BIOPHYSICS LETTERS, SPRINGER, HUNGARY, Budapest, pp. 231 - 231, presented at 8th EBSA European Biophysics Congress, HUNGARY, Budapest, 23 August 2011 - 27 August 2011,
    Conference Papers | 2007
    Poole K; Behme G; Haschke H; Owen R, 2007, 'The cellhesion - quantifying adhesion forces between single cells', in European Cells and Materials, pp. 75
    Conference Papers | 2007
    Poole K, 2007, 'The CellHesion - quantifying adhesion forces between single cells', in EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY, ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG, GERMANY, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, pp. 12 - 12, presented at 30th Annual Meeting of the German-Society-for-Cell-Biology, GERMANY, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, 14 March 2007 - 17 March 2007,
    Conference Papers | 2006
    Loebbe C; Poole K; Owen R, 2006, 'Combining advanced force and optical microscopy techniques for biophysics research', in EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY, ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG, GERMANY, Braunschweig, pp. 42 - 42, presented at 29th Annual Meeting of the German Society for Cell Biology, GERMANY, Braunschweig, 29 March 2006 - 01 April 2006,

K. Poole. Do mechanically activated ion channels enable cellular sensing of microgravity? AOARD (US Air Force), 21IOA035, 2021

K. Poole, K. Kilian, S. Sianati, N. Ariotti. Mechanosensors in Cancer NHMRC, APP1185021, 2020

K. Poole, B. Martinac, M. Biro, M. Baker. The role of force-sensing ion channels in melanoma migration NHMRC, APP1138595, 2018

K. Poole and B. Martinac. Mechanoelectrical Transduction in Chondrocytes, NHMRC, APP1122104, 2017

K. Poole. Cellular sensing of the physical environment, Helmholtz Association, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Cecile Vogt Fellowship, 2012

K. Poole and GR Lewin, Substrate directed polarisation of mechanotransduction domains in somatosensory neurons, German Research Council (DFG) SFB958, project A09, 2011

UNSW Arc Postgraduate Council Outstanding Research Supervisor Award

Select Publications:

Silvani, G., Bradbury, P., Basirun, C., Mehner, C., Zalli, D., Poole, K. and Chou, J. Testing 3D printed biological platform for advancing simulated microgravity and space mechanobiology research npj Microgravity 8: 1-11 (2022)

Poole, K. The Diverse Physiological Functions of Mechanically Activated Ion Channels in Mammals. Annu Rev Physiol 84:307-329 (2022)

Patkunarajah, A*., Stear, J.H*., Moroni, M., Schroeter, L., Blaszkiewicz, J., Tearle, JLE., Cox, C.D., Fuerst, C., Sanchez-Carranza, O., del Angel Ocana Fernandez, M.,听 Fleischer, R., Eravci, M.,听 Weise, C., Martinac, B., Biro, M., Lewin, G.R., Poole, K. TMEM87a/Elkin1, a component of a novel mechanoelectrical transduction pathway, modulates melanoma adhesion and migration. eLife 9, e53308 (2020)

Bavi*, N., Richardson*, J., Heu, C., Martinac, B., Poole, K. PIEZO1-Mediated Currents Are Modulated by Substrate Mechanics. ACS Nano 13: 13545鈥13559 (2019).

Servin-Vences, M.R., Moroni, M., Lewin, G.R.听 Poole, K. Direct measurement of TRPV4 and PIEZO1 activity reveals multiple mechanotransduction pathways in chondrocytes. eLife 6, e21074 (2017)

My Research Supervision

Jessica Richardson (PhD student)