PSY Statistical Program
PSY: A program for contrast analysis - Kevin Bird, Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic, and Andrew Isaac 漏 School of Psychology, University of New South Wales
Some background - Why PSY was developed:
The APA Task Force on Statistical Inference has recommended that interval estimates of effect sizes should always be presented for primary outcomes (Wilkinson and the Task Force on Statistical Inference, 1999). When fixed-effects analysis of variance is used to analyse data, effect sizes are usually expressed as raw or standardized values of contrasts on means. It is often difficult or impossible to obtain appropriate confidence intervals on contrast values from statistical packages, particularly the simultaneous confidence intervals required for unrestricted or post hoc analyses. The PSY program provides confidence intervals on contrasts for a number of designs and analysis strategies.
PSY is very easy to use for planned or post hoc analyses of single-factor designs (with or without repeated measures) and for two-factor designs with one between-subjects and one within-subjects factor. It can be used for the analysis of more complex factorial designs, but it is a little less user-friendly when simultaneous confidence intervals are required from complex designs. PSY can accept user-supplied critical constants for the purpose of confidence interval construction, so advanced users can control familywise error rates for non-standard analyses. PSY can also supply standard or Bonferroni-adjusted critical values from t, F, GCR (greatest characteristic root) and SMR (studentized maximum root) distributions. Examples of PSY analyses of data from various designs may be found in Bird (2004).
Those who wish to use PSY to carry out tests or construct confidence intervals based on the SMR approach to the analysis of product interaction contrasts (Bird & Hadzi-Pavlovic, 2005; Boik, 1993) may be interested in downloading an SPSS macro that calculates SMR statistics in analyses including more general product contrasts.
To run PSY, you need a Windows based computer.听Click听听to download PSY.
Before running PSY, consult the ReadMe document. Please send feedback to k.bird@unsw.edu.au.
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References
Bird, K.D. (2004). Analysis of variance via confidence intervals. London: Sage Publications.
Bird, K.D. & Hadzi-Pavlovic, D. (2005). Studentized maximum root procedures for coherent analyses of two-factor fixed-effects designs. Psychological Methods, 10, 352-366.
Boik, R.J. (1993). The analysis of two-factor interactions in fixed effects linear models. Journal of Educational Statistics, 18, 1- 40.
Wilkinson, L., & the Task Force on Statistical Inference, APA Board of Scientific Affairs (1999). Statistical methods in psychology journals: guidelines and explanations. American Psychologist, 54, 594-604.
Ethics and Sona resources
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Our people
Professor Eva Kimonis
Research areas: developmental psychopathology; child clinical psychology; externalising and conduct problems; aggression and antisocial behaviour; violent offending; development, assessment and treatment of callous-unemotional traits and psychopathy.
Professor Thomas Whitford
Research areas: schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders; schizotypy; understanding the psychological and neurophysiological basis of delusions and hallucinations; understanding the basis of sensory suppression to self-generated actions; Event-Related Potentials (ERPs); Diffusion-Tensor Imaging (DTI).
Professor Jessica Grisham
Research areas: obsessive-compulsive disorder, hoarding disorder, and related disorders. Comorbidity and classification of anxiety disorders. Investigations into processes that are associated with various types of psychopathology, including emotion regulation and thought suppression.
Associate Professor Jenny Richmond
My research program addresses the development of memory and emotion during infancy and early childhood and takes a developmental cognitive neuroscience approach. I'm particularly interested in the development of relational memory and the role it might play in representational flexibility. My recent work has looked at age-related changes in episodic memory and future thinking during early childhood and the development of rapid facial mimicry in infancy.